IEC 61850-Based Protection Scheme for Multiple Feeder Faults and Hardware-in-the-Loop Platform for Interoperability Testing

The existing Overcurrent Protection Function (OCPF) of distribution systems is vulnerable to Multiple Feeder Faults (MFF), which involve at least two feeders simultaneously, leading the incoming feeder relay trip faster than faulted relays, although OCPF relays can be coordinated for all fault current values. In this case, connected power transformer are de-energized, even healthy ones, directly impacting network reliability, service quality and availability electricity utilities ultimately outage costs customers. light this, an IEC 61850-based scheme with directional element proposed support deal MFF encompass integration distributed generation, implemented in digital substations without requiring further equipment installation. Moreover, hardware-in-the-loop platform developed testing interoperability multi-vendor protection assist also validation their control schemes based on requirements before field implementation. Test cases specifically elaborated study three real devices—whose configuration details provided aid engineers—in a system, under different conditions such as switching operations, types, resistance location, generation. results show that manages enhance selectivity reliability substation hence representing valuable complement schemes.